Philanthropy as an essentially contested concept

This article examines philanthropy as an "essentially contested concept," meaning its definition and interpretation are subject to ongoing debate and varying ideologies. It explores how different perspectives shape the understanding and practice of philanthropy, leading to diverse applications and contested meanings. The author proposes a typology to help navigate these varying interpretations, emphasizing the complex and multifaceted nature of philanthropic endeavors within society. Understanding these contestations is crucial for effective engagement with the field and its societal implications, highlighting the dynamic interplay between ideals and practical realities in philanthropy.